Mechanisms by which exercise training benefits patients with copd mecanismos pelo qual o treinamento de exercício beneficia pacientes com dpoc running title: exercise training / Mecanismos pelos quais o treinamento de exercício beneficia pacientes com o título dpoc running: treinamento de exercício / Mecanismos por los que el entrenamiento de ejercicio beneficia a los pacientes con epoc mecanismos por los que el entrenamiento de ejercicio beneficia a los pacientes con epoc running title: exercise training

The clinical consequences of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) include fatigue, dyspnea and progressive impairment of exercise capacity. It also produces significant systemic consequences such as nutritional depletion, physical deconditioning, systemic inflammation, and structural and functional changes in the respiratory and locomotor muscles. Regular exercise provides improvements in the health of patients with stable COPD and can relieve the symptoms, increasing the exercise capacity and improving the quality of life, while also reducing hospitalization and, to some extent, the risk of morbidity and mortality. Training with progressive exercises is associated with metabolic and neurohumoral adaptations, heart rate variability, with adaptations in the pulmonary and skeletal muscles, as well as the inflammatory, cardiovascular and respiratory systems. This review will focus on current knowledge of the mechanisms by which physical training can provide beneficial effects in COPD patients. Results: After analyzing the titles, abstracts and content, out of 500 articles found, 489 were excluded, leaving 11 articles. Studies have shown the beneficial effect of aerobic training on COPD. Conclusion: Physical training should be considered a therapeutic option in patients with COPD, regardless of being terrestrial or aquatic, as it can have beneficial effects on the systems.

As consequências clínicas da doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC) são: fadiga, dispnéia e comprometimento progressivo da capacidade do exercício, além disso, também produz consequências sistêmicas significativas como depleção nutricional, descondicionamento físico, inflamação sistêmica, mudanças estruturais e funcionais de músculos respiratórios e locomotores. O treinamento físico regular traz como beneficíos efeitos da melhoria da saúde em pacientes com DPOC estável e pode aliviar os sintomas, melhorar a capacidade de exercício e a qualidade de vida, reduzir a hospitalização e, em certa medida, o risco de morbi-mortalidade. Já o treinamento com exercícios progressivos está associado a adaptações metabólicas, neurohumorais, variabilidade da frequência cardíaca, inflamatórias, dos músculos pulmonares e esqueléticos, cardiovasculares e respiratórias. Esta revisão enfocará o conhecimento atual dos mecanismos pelos quais o treinamento físico pode ter efeitos benéficos em pacientes com DPOC. Resultados: Após análise dos títulos, resumos e conteúdo, dos 500 artigos encontrados, 489 foram excluídos, restando 11 artigos. Estudos têm demonstrado o efeito benéfico do treinamento aeróbico na DPOC. Conclusão: O treinamento físico deve ser considerado uma opção terapêutica em pacientes com DPOC, independente de ser terrestre ou aquático, pois pode ter efeitos benéficos nos sistemas.

Las consecuencias clínicas de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) incluyen fatiga, disnea y deterioro progresivo de la capacidad de ejercicio. También produce importantes consecuencias sistémicas como el agotamiento nutricional, el desacondicionamiento físico, la inflamación sistémica y los cambios estructurales y funcionales en los músculos respiratorios y locomotores. El ejercicio regular proporciona mejoras en la salud de los pacientes con EPOC estable y puede aliviar los síntomas, aumentando la capacidad de ejercicio y mejorando la calidad de vida, al tiempo que reduce la hospitalización y, en cierta medida, el riesgo de morbilidad y mortalidad. El entrenamiento con ejercicios progresivos se asocia a adaptaciones metabólicas y neurohumorales, a la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca, con adaptaciones en los músculos pulmonares y esqueléticos, así como en los sistemas inflamatorio, cardiovascular y respiratorio. Esta revisión se centrará en el conocimiento actual de los mecanismos por los que el entrenamiento físico puede proporcionar efectos beneficiosos en los pacientes con EPOC. Resultados: Tras analizar los títulos, resúmenes y contenido, de los 500 artículos encontrados se excluyeron 489, quedando 11 artículos. Los estudios han demostrado el efecto beneficioso del entrenamiento aeróbico en la EPOC. Conclusiones: El entrenamiento físico debe considerarse una opción terapéutica en pacientes con EPOC, independientemente de que sea terrestre o acuático, ya que puede tener efectos beneficiosos sobre los sistemas.

The efficiency of a mixed exercise program on quality of life and fatigue levels in patients with breast cancer

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Exercise is a nonpharmacological supportive therapy which has been specifically identified to reduce postoperative complications or adverse events of cancer or treatments. Although there are few studies combining resistance and aerobic exercise in cancer survivors, exercise programs are very rare in different places in the literature. This study aims to investigate the effects of mixed-type exercise in different venues on weight, body mass index, fatigue, and quality of life in cancer survivors. METHODS: This is a descriptive, intervention study. Participants were included in the study, and the exercise process was between January and November 2019. The exercise group consisted of 32 patients who had just completed their breast cancer treatment and did not have distant metastases, and they applied a mixed exercise program including resistance at home and aerobic exercise in the fitness center for 12 weeks. The patients with breast cancer in the control group (30 patients) did not receive any exercise program. RESULTS: Subjective feelings of fatigue and decrease in concentration, motivation, and physical activity significantly decreased after exercise (p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.006, p=0.008, and p<0.001, respectively) in the study group. The results also showed that physical health, general health status, and emotional and social health status significantly increased with the exercise program (p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.004, and p=0.003, respectively). CONCLUSION: Our results show that a mixed (fitness center and home) 12-week exercise program provides an improvement in general health and reduces the side effects of the treatments and fatigue in patients with breast cancer. For a good prognostic process after medical treatment, exercise can be recommended in every accessible area.

The relieving effect of sun-dried protein tonic on sports fatigue / O efeito calmante na fadiga esportiva da proteína tônica secada ao sol / El efecto calmante en la fatiga deportiva de la proteína tónica secada al sol

ABSTRACT Fatigue is a comprehensive process that involves many physiological and biochemical factors. It is a normal physiological reaction when human physical or mental activities reach a certain level. In recent years, it has been verified that free radicals are closely related to exercise-induced fatigue. Cardamine bursa purified selenoprotein has good oxygen-free radical scavenging ability and anti-lipid peroxide. It could protect mitochondria, liver, and red blood cells from peroxide injury. Therefore, it was speculated that the purification of selenoprotein Cardamine may play an active role in attenuating exercise-induced fatigue by scavenging free radicals. This study cleared the selenite protein Capsella bursa (SPC) as a research object, and evaluated its structural characteristics in relieving exercise-induced fatigue. The selenoprotein index system for exercise-induced fatigue was constructed by combining two AHP methods, principal component analysis and factor analysis. Purity, subunit composition, amino acid composition and RCM content were evaluated. The corresponding RCM protein was preliminarily predicted. The results showed that SPCH could significantly prolong the swimming time (P <0.01), improve the lactate clearance capacity (P <0.01), increase the glycogen content of the liver (P <0.01), and reduce the level of the BUN (P <0.05). SPCH has a good effect in relieving exercise-induced fatigue in mice, so it can be considered for development as a nutritional supplement to alleviate exercise-induced fatigue.

RESUMO Fadiga é um processo abrangente envolvendo muitos fatores fisiológicos e bioquímicos. É uma reação fisiológica normal quando as atividades físicas ou mentais humanas atingem um certo nível. Nos últimos anos, verificou-se que os radicais livres estão intimamente relacionados com a fadiga induzida pelo exercício. A selenoproteina purificada de Cardamina bursa tem boa capacidade de depuração de radicais sem oxigénio e de peróxido anti-lípido. Poderia proteger as mitocôndrias, fígado e glóbulos vermelhos de lesões por peróxido. Por conseguinte, especulou-se que a purificação da selenoproteina de Cardamina pode desempenhar um papel activo na atenuação da fadiga induzida pelo exercício por meio de radicais livres de scavenging. Este estudo depurou a proteína selenita Capsella bursa (SPC) como objeto de pesquisa, e avaliou as suas características estruturais no alívio da fadiga induzida pelo exercício. O sistema de índice de selenoproteinas para a fadiga induzida pelo exercício foi construído por meio da combinação dos métodos de AHP, análise principal de componentes e a análise de fatores. Foram avaliados a pureza, a composição sub-unitária, a composição de aminoácidos e o conteúdo do RCM. A proteína correspondente do RCM foi prevista preliminarmente. Os resultados mostraram que o SPCH poderia prolongar significativamente o tempo de natação (P < 0.01), melhorar a capacidade de depuração do lactato (P< 0.01), aumentar o conteúdo do glicogênio do fígado (P < 0.01), e reduzir o nível do BUN (P< 0.05). o SPCH tem um bom efeito em aliviar a fadiga induzida pelo exercício em ratos, de modo que pode ser considerado para desenvolvê-lo como um suplemento nutricional para aliviar a fadiga induzida pelo exercício.

RESUMEN La fatiga es un proceso abarcador que envuelve muchos factores fisiológicos y bioquímicos. Es una reacción fisiológica normal cuando las actividades físicas o mentales humanas alcanzan un cierto nivel. En los últimos anos, se verificó que los radicales libres están íntimamente relacionados con la fatiga inducida por el ejercicio. La selenoproteína purificada de Cardamina bursa tiene buena capacidad de depuración de radicales sin oxígeno y de peróxido antilipídico. Podría proteger las mitocondrias, el hígado y los glóbulos rojos de lesiones por peróxido. Por consiguiente, se especuló que la purificación de la selenoproteína de Cardamina puede desempeñar un papel activo en la atenuación de la fatiga inducida por el ejercicio por medio de radicales libres de scavenging. Este estudio depuró la proteína selenita Capsella bursa (SPC) como objeto de investigación, y evaluó sus características estructurales en el alivio de la fatiga inducida por el ejercicio. El sistema de índice de selenoproteínas para a fatiga inducida por el ejercicio fue construido por medio de la combinación dos métodos de AHP, el análisis principal de componentes y el análisis de factores. Fueron evaluados la pureza, la composición sub-unitaria, la composición de aminoácidos y el contenido del RCM. La proteína correspondiente del RCM fue prevista preliminarmente. Los resultados mostraron que el SPCH podría prolongar significativamente el tiempo de natación (P < 0.01), mejorar la capacidad de depuración del lactato (P< 0.01), aumentar el contenido del glicógeno del hígado (P < 0.01), y reducir el nivel del BUN (P< 0.05). el SPCH tiene un buen efecto en aliviar la fatiga inducida por el ejercicio en ratones, de modo que puede ser considerado para desarrollarlo como un suplemento nutricional para aliviar la fatiga inducida por el ejercicio.

The curative effect of traditional chinese medicine compounded medications in relieving racewalking fatigue / O efeito curativo dos medicamentos manipulados da medicina chinesa tradicional para aliviar a fadiga da marcha atlética / Observación del efecto curativo del compuesto de medicina tradicional china para aliviar la fatiga de la carrera

ABSTRACT Racewalking fatigue is a kind of fatigue symptom after a period of racewalking, which may lead to limb weakness, mental fatigue, muscle fatigue and other phenomena. If we do not timely adjust the stretching and effective treatment after exercise, it is very easy to produce sports injury and seriously affect the athletes' physical function. In order to effectively alleviate the fatigue of racewalking, this study focused on the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compounded medication, analyzed the mechanism of action and medicinal effectiveness of the TCM compound, and carried out control experiment on 80 male ICR mice. The mice in the experimental group were given sedentary training and racewalking training in groups. The results showed that the two groups of ICR mice, after racewalking training, had exercise fatigue symptoms and a large amount of serum lactic acid and other substances, while mice in group D treated by gavage of traditional Chinese medicine compounded medication had the symptoms of exercise fatigue, but the contents of blood urea nitrogen and lactic acid were decreased, the gastrocnemius muscle fibers were evenly arranged, the transverse lines were neat, and a rebound of protein expression. This shows that Chinese medicine compound can play a significant role in relieving racewalking fatigue.

RESUMO A fadiga causada pela marcha atlética é um tipo de sintoma que acomete os atletas após um período de prática do exercício, que pode ocasionar fraqueza dos membros, fadiga mental, fadiga muscular e outros fenômenos. Na ausência de alongamento e tratamento eficaz após o exercício, as lesões causadas pelo esporte podem afetar seriamente a função física dos atletas. A fim de aliviar de maneira eficaz a fadiga causada pela marcha atlética, o presente estudo se concentrou nos medicamentos manipulados na medicina tradicional chinesa (MTC), analisou o mecanismo de ação e eficácia medicinal dos medicamentos da MTC, e realizou experimentos de controle em 80 camundongos do tipo ICR masculinos. Os camundongos do grupo experimental receberam treinamento sedentário e treinamento de corrida em grupo. Os resultados mostraram que os dois grupos de camundongos ICR, após treino de marcha atlética, apresentavam sintomas de fadiga, e grande quantidade de ácido láctico sérico, além de outras substâncias, enquanto os camundongos do grupo D tratados com gavagem do medicamento manipulado tiveram sintomas de fadiga, mas com redução do teor sanguíneo de ureia e ácido láctico, fibras musculares gastrocnêmias uniformemente arranjadas, linhas transversais regulares, e efeito rebote da expressão proteica. Isto mostra que os medicamentos manipulados da medicina chinesa podem desempenhar um papel significativo no alívio da fadiga causada pela marcha atlética.

RESUMEN La fatiga causada por la marcha atlética es un tipo de síntoma que afecta los atletas después de un período de práctica del ejercicio, que puede ocasionar debilidad de los miembros, fatiga mental, fatiga muscular y otros fenómenos. En ausencia de elongación y tratamiento eficaz después del ejercicio, las lesiones causadas por el deporte pueden afectar seriamente la función física de los atletas. A fin de aliviar de manera eficaz la fatiga causada por la marcha atlética, el presente estudio se concentró en los medicamentos manipulados en la medicina tradicional china (MTC), analizó el mecanismo de acción y eficacia medicinal de los medicamentos da MTC, y realizó experimentos de control en 80 ratones del tipo ICR masculinos. Los ratones del grupo experimental recibieron entrenamiento sedentario y entrenamiento de carrera en grupo. Los resultados mostraron que los dos grupos de ratones ICR, después de entrenamiento de marcha atlética, presentaban síntomas de fatiga, y gran cantidad de ácido láctico sérico, además de otras sustancias, mientras que los ratones del grupo D tratados con gavaje del medicamento manipulado tuvieron síntomas de fatiga, pero con reducción del tenor sanguíneo de urea y ácido láctico, fibras musculares del gastrocnemio uniformemente arregladas, líneas transversales regulares, y efecto rebote de la expresión proteica. Esto muestra que los medicamentos manipulados de la medicina china pueden desempeñar un papel significativo en el alivio de la fatiga causada por la marcha atlética.

Optimizing the regulation and control of sports injury and fatigue of winter olympic ice and snow athletes based on injury prevention / Otimização da regulação e controle de lesões esportivas e fadiga de atletas do gelo e da neve nos jogos olímpicos de inverno com base na prevenção de lesões / Optimización del control de lesiones deportivas y fatiga de los atletas de hielo y nieve en los juegos olímpicos de invierno basada en la prevención de lesiones deportivas

ABSTRACT This study reveals the characteristics and relationship of sports injury and fatigue of the Winter Olympics athletes, and monitors the athletes' psychological condition through case analysis of excellent athletes, and provides empirical evidence for athletes' psychological training and preparation for the physical and mental health services of Winter Olympics. Through questionnaires, literature review and other methods to study the injury situation of Winter Olympics ice and snow athletes, the results show that the proportion of chronic lumbar and knee joint injuries, and repeated muscle strains of Chinese Winter Olympics ice and snow athletes is large, and the cure rate is not high. The preparation activities are neither paid enough attention or sufficient, and the rationality of training plan arrangement is insufficient. The main cause of injury is insufficient understanding of the mechanism of injury and illness among athletes and coaches. Individual elite athletes need to improve their coping skills and pay attention to their psychological fatigue. In view of the sports' psychological characteristics and the problems faced by winter athletes, personalized psychological intervention programs should be formulated.

RESUMO O presente estudo revela as características e a relação de lesões desportivas e fadiga de atletas participantes dos Jogos Olímpicos de Inverno, e monitora as condições psicológicas dos atletas através da análise de casos de atletas de alto desempenho, além de apresentar provas empíricas para o treino e a preparação psicológico dos atletas para os serviços de saúde física e mental dos Jogos de Inverno. Através de questionários, revisão de literatura e outros métodos de estudo das lesões que acometem os atletas dos Jogos Olímpicos de Inverno, em esportes que envolvem gelo e neve, os resultados mostram que é grande a proporção de lesões lombares crônicas, lesões articulares do joelho e recorrência de distensões musculares, e a taxa de cura não é alta. As atividades de preparação não são suficientemente consideradas e a racionalidade do plano de treinos é insuficiente. A principal causa de lesão é a falta de compreensão dos mecanismos que ocasionam lesões e enfermidades entre atletas e treinadores. Atletas individuais de elite precisam melhorar suas habilidades de enfrentamento e prestar atenção à sua fadiga psicológica. Tendo em conta as características psicológicas desportivas e os problemas existentes entre os atletas dos Jogos de Inverno, programas de intervenção psicológica personalizados devem ser formulados.

RESUMEN A través del análisis de casos de atletas de élite, este trabajo revela las características y la relación entre las lesiones deportivas y la fatiga de los atletas en los Juegos Olímpicos de invierno, monitorea el estado psicológico de los atletas y proporciona evidencia empírica para el entrenamiento psicológico de los atletas y la preparación del Servicio de salud física y mental En los Juegos Olímpicos de invierno.Juegos Olímpicos.Los resultados mostraron que la proporción de lesiones crónicas de la cintura y la rodilla y la tensión muscular repetida de los atletas de hielo y nieve en los Juegos Olímpicos de invierno en China era mayor.La tasa de curación no es alta.No se presta suficiente atención a las actividades preparatorias y a la racionalidad del plan de capacitación.La razón principal de la lesión es que los atletas y entrenadores no entienden el mecanismo de la lesión y la enfermedad.Los atletas individuales deben mejorar su capacidad de enfrentamiento y prestar atención a la fatiga psicológica.De acuerdo con las características psicológicas de los atletas de invierno y los problemas existentes, se formula un plan de Intervención Psicológica individualizado.

Protective effects of 7-hydroxyethyl chrysin on rats with exercise-induced fatigue in hypobaric hypoxia environment / 浙江大学学报·医学版

: To investigate the protective effect of 7-hydroxyethyl chrysin (7-HEC) on rats with exercise-induced fatigue in hypobaric hypoxic condition.Forty healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups with 10 rats in each group: control group, model group, chrysin group and 7-HEC group. The rats in control group were raised at local altitude but other three groups were raised in a simulating altitude of for hypobaric hypoxia treatment. The chrysin group and 7-HEC group were given chrysin or 7-HEC by gavage for respectively; while the control group and model group were given the same amount of sterilized water. The weight-bearing swimming tests were performed 3 d later, and the weight-bearing swimming time was documented. After rats were sacrificed, the liver and skeletal muscle tissue samples were taken for pathological examination and determination of lactate, malondialdehyde (MDA), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glycogen levels. Blood urea nitrogen was also determined. Compared with the model group, weight-bearing swimming times were significantly prolonged in 7-HEC group [ vs. (4.04±1.30) min, <0.01]; pathological changes in liver and skeletal muscle tissue were attenuated; generation rate of blood urea nitrogen vs. 0.60) mmol·L·min, <0.05], lactate [liver: (0.14±0.05) vs. (0.10±0.03) mg·g·min, skeletal muscle: vs. (0.18±] and MDA [liver: (0.48) vs. (0.78±0.28) nmol·mg·min, skeletal muscle: (0.87±0.19) vs. (0.63±0.11) nmol·mg·min] were significantly reduced (all < 0.05); glycogen content [liver: (15.16±2.69) vs. skeletal muscle: (1.46±0.49) vs.0.48) mg/g] and T-SOD [liver: (1.87±0.01) vs. (2.68±0.12) U/mL, skeletal muscle: 0.42) vs. 0.96) U/mL] were significantly improved (all <0.05). 7-HEC has significant protective effect on the rats with exercise-induced fatigue in hypobaric hypoxia condition.

Effects of zinc supplementation on fatigue and quality of life in patients with colorectal cancer / Efeitos da suplementação de zinco na fadiga e na qualidade de vida de pacientes com câncer colorretal

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the effects of oral zinc supplementation on fatigue intensity and quality of life of patients during chemotherapy for colorectal cancer. Methods A prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study was conducted with 24 patients on chemotherapy for colorectal adenocarcinoma in a tertiary care public hospital. The study patients received zinc capsules 35mg (Zinc Group, n=10) or placebo (Placebo Group, n=14) orally, twice daily (70mg/day), for 16 weeks, from the immediate postoperative period to the fourth chemotherapy cycle. Approximately 45 days after surgical resection of the tumor, all patients received a chemotherapeutic regimen. Before each of the four cycles of chemotherapy, the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue scale was completed. We used a linear mixed model for longitudinal data for statistical analysis. Results The scores of quality of life and fatigue questionnaires were similar between the groups during the chemotherapy cycles. The Placebo Group presented worsening of quality of life and increased fatigue between the first and fourth cycles of chemotherapy, but there were no changes in the scores of quality of life or fatigue in the Zinc Group. Conclusion Zinc supplementation prevented fatigue and maintained quality of life of patients with colorectal cancer on chemotherapy.

RESUMO Objetivo Investigar os efeitos da suplementação oral de zinco sobre a intensidade da fadiga e a qualidade de vida de pacientes durante a quimioterapia para neoplasia colorretal. Métodos Estudo prospectivo, randomizado, controlado e duplo-cego conduzido em um hospital universitário público terciário, com 24 pacientes em regime quimioterápico para adenocarcinoma colorretal. Os pacientes receberam cápsulas de zinco 35mg (Grupo Zinco, n=10) ou placebo (Grupo Placebo, n=14) por via oral, duas vezes ao dia (70mg/dia), durante 16 semanas, desde o período pós-operatório imediato até o quarto ciclo de quimioterapia. Todos os pacientes receberam quimioterapia por aproximadamente 45 dias após a ressecção cirúrgica do tumor. A escala Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue foi preenchida antes de cada um dos quatro ciclos de quimioterapia. Utilizou-se o modelo de regressão linear misto para dados longitudinais para análise estatística. Resultados Os escores de qualidade de vida e de fadiga foram semelhantes entre os grupos de estudo durante os ciclos de quimioterapia. O Grupo Placebo apresentou piora da qualidade de vida e da fadiga entre o primeiro e o quarto ciclos de quimioterapia, mas não houve mudança nos escores de qualidade de vida e fadiga no Grupo Zinco. Conclusão A suplementação com zinco previne a fadiga e preserva a qualidade de vida de pacientes em quimioterapia para neoplasia colorretal.

Educational program on fatigue for brain tumor patients: possibility strategy? / Programa educativo para fadiga em pacientes com tumor cerebral: possibilidade de estratégia?

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of an educational program on improvement of fatigue and quality of life of patients with high-grade glioma during radiotherapy and chemotherapy treatment. Method This is a longitudinal, experimental study. Twenty-three patients with high-grade glioma were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Both groups completed the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy: Fatigue questionnaire and the Beck Depression Inventory, and one of the groups received the educational intervention. The groups did not show any change in quality of life and fatigue in this study, for this reason, the educational program did not present any significant difference. However, there was a significant difference in depressive symptoms during the educational program showing positive evidence for its applicability.

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar a efetividade de um programa educativo na melhora da fadiga e dos sintomas depressivos em pacientes com glioma de alto grau durante o tratamento com radioterapia e quimioterapia. Método Trata-se de estudo longitudinal e experimental. Foram incluídos 23 pacientes com glioma de alto grau e divididos aleatoriamente em 2 grupos. Os dois grupos responderam os questionários Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy: Fatigue e Inventário de Depressão de Beck, porém somente um foi inserido ao programa educativo. Resultados e Conclusões Os grupos não apresentaram alteração na fadiga ao longo desse estudo, assim o programa educativo não mostrou diferença significativa, porém nos sintomas depressivos, o programa educativo trouxe diferença quando estava sendo realizado mostrando evidências positivas para sua aplicabilidade.

Fadiga de alarmes em terapia intensiva: descrevendo o fenômeno através da revisão integrativa da literatura / Fatiga de alarmas en cuidados intensivos: describir el fenómeno mediante la revisión integradora de la literatura / Fatigue alarms in intensive care: describing the phenomenon through integrative literature review

Objetivo: Analisar as publicações científicas acerca de alarmes de monitorização e do fenômeno Fadiga de alarmes em terapia intensiva. Métodos: Revisão integrativa de literatura realizada nas bases de dados Lilacs, PubMed e SciELO. Resultados: Após análise das produções elucidaram-se os conceitos e definições do fenômeno; fatores de predisposição e estratégias para sua minimização; a relação com a segurança do paciente, alcançando recorte temporal de 1993 a junho 2010. A fadiga de alarmes ocorre quando um grande número de alarmes encobre aqueles clinicamente significativos, possibilitando que alarmes relevantes sejam desabilitados, silenciados ou ignorados pela equipe. O número excessivo de alarmes torna a equipe indiferente, reduzindo seu estado de alerta, levando à desconfiança do sentido de urgência dos alarmes, resultando em falta de resposta a alarmes relevantes. Conclusão: O aparato tecnológico exige atenção dos profissionais para garantir a segurança do doente grave

Objective: To analyze scientific publications about alarm monitoring and alarm fatigue phenomenon in intensive care. Methods: Integrative review of literature held in databases Lilacs, PubMed and SciELO. Results: After analyzing the productions elucidate the concepts and definitions of the phenomenon, predisposing factors and strategies to minimize them, the relationship with patient safety, achieving time frame 1993 to June 2010. Fatigue alarm occurs when a large number of alarms covers those clinically significant, enabling relevant alarms are disabled, silenced or ignored by staff. The excessive number of alarms makes indifferent staff, reducing your alertness, leading to distrust of the sense of urgency of alarms, resulting in lack of response to alarms relevant. Conclusion: The technological apparatus requires attention of professionals to ensure patient safety serious

Objetivo: Analizar las publicaciones científicas sobre monitoreo de alarmas y el fenómeno de la fatiga alarma en cuidados intensivos. Métodos: revisión integradora de la literatura realizada en las bases de datos Lilacs, PubMed y SciELO. Resultados: Tras el análisis de las producciones dilucidar los conceptos y definiciones del fenómeno, los factores predisponentes y estrategias para minimizarlos, la relación con la seguridad del paciente, logrando marco de tiempo de 1993 a junio de 2010. Fatiga alarma se produce cuando un gran número de alarmas abarca aquellos clínicamente significativa, permitiendo alarmas pertinentes están desactivados, silenciadas o ignoradas por el personal. El excesivo número de alarmas que hace el personal indiferente, lo que reduce su estado de alerta, lo que lleva a la desconfianza en el sentido de la urgencia de las alarmas, lo que resulta en una falta de respuesta a las alarmas correspondientes. Conclusión: El aparato tecnológico requiere atención de los profesionales para garantizar la seguridad del paciente grave

Beneficios no anticonceptivos de 0, 02 mg de etinilestradiol/2 mg de acetato de clormadinona administrados en un régimen de 24+4 días / Non-contraceptive benefits of 0.02 mg ethinylestradiol /2 mg chlormadinone acetate in a 24 +4 days intake regimen

Objetivo: Demostrar la influencia sobre las molestias emocionales y físicas (beneficios no anticonceptivos) experimentadas durante el primer año de uso de un anticonceptivo oral combinado (AOC) que contiene 0,02 mg de etinilestradiol (EE) y 2 mg de acetato de clormadinona (ACM) administrado en un régimen de 24 + 4 días de placebo. Diseño del estudio: Análisis adicional de las sensaciones subjetivas registradas en los diarios de 1665 participantes de un estudio de Fase III multicéntrico, no controlado, de administración múltiple, después de 13 ciclos de EE/ACM en un régimen de administración de 24 + 4 días, publicado previamente. Resultados: Se informó de menor frecuencia de molestias emocionales y físicas en el ciclo de medicación 13 en comparación con los datos en la admisión y en el ciclo 1. La incidencia de ánimo depresivo se redujo en 84,5 por ciento y 72,2 por ciento respectivamente, y la irritabilidad en 87,3 por ciento y 66,0 por ciento. Las cefaleas se redujeron en 75,5 por ciento y 74,7 por ciento, las molestias mamarias en 77,1 por ciento y 66,1 por ciento, y la dismenorrea preexistente en 77,9 por ciento y 67,6 por ciento respectivamente. El abandono prematuro del estudio a causa de las molestias fue marginal, y el perfil del sangrado fue aceptable. Conclusiones: Un AOC de baja dosis que contiene 0,02 mg de EE + 2 mg de ACM, administrado en un régimen de 24 + 4 días, reduce significativamente la mayor parte de las molestias emocionales y físicas que se presentan durante los ciclos espontáneos de las mujeres, y se combina con un adecuado perfil de sangrado.

Objective: To demonstrate the influence on physical and psychological complaints during the first year of intake of the combined oral contraceptive (COC) 0.02 mg ethinylestradiol (EE)/2 mg chlormadinone acetate (CMA), administered in a regimen of 24 days of CMA/EE intake followed by 4 days of placebo intake. Study design: The subjective feelings of non-contraceptive benefits registered in women's diaries of 1,665 subjects participating in a multicentre, uncontrolled, multiadministration, Phase III trial, published elsewhere, were analyzed post-hoc after 13 cycles intake of EE/CMA in a 24 +4 days intake regimen. Results: Emotional complaints were reported less frequently at medication cycle 13 compared with admission and cycle 1. Depressive mood was reduced by 84.5 percent and 72.2 percent, irritability by 87.3 percent and 66.0 percent; physical complaints were also reduced: headaches by 75.5 percent and 74.7 percent, breast discomfort by 77.1 percent and 66.1 percent; pre-existing dysmenorrhea by 77.9 percent and 67.6 percent. Premature termination due to complaints was only marginal, the bleeding profile was accepted. Conclusions: The low-dose COC, 0.02 mg EE/2 mg CMA, administered in a 24 +4 day regimen, reduces significantly most of the emotional and physical complaints occurring during spontaneous cycles of women, combined with an adequate bleeding profile.

Stretching and joint mobilization exercises reduce call-center operators' musculoskeletal discomfort and fatigue

AIM: We sought to evaluate musculoskeletal discomfort and mental and physical fatigue in the call-center workers of an airline company before and after a supervised exercise program compared with rest breaks during the work shift. INTRODUCTION: This was a longitudinal pilot study conducted in a flight-booking call-center for an airline in São Paulo, Brazil. Occupational health activities are recommended to decrease the negative effects of the call-center working conditions. In practice, exercise programs are commonly recommended for computer workers, but their effects have not been studied in call-center operators. METHODS: Sixty-four call-center operators participated in this study. Thirty-two subjects were placed into the experimental group and attended a 10-min daily exercise session for 2 months. Conversely, 32 participants were placed into the control group and took a 10-min daily rest break during the same period. Each subject was evaluated once a week by means of the Corlett-Bishop body map with a visual analog discomfort scale and the Chalder fatigue questionnaire. RESULTS: Musculoskeletal discomfort decreased in both groups, but the reduction was only statistically significant for the spine and buttocks (p=0.04) and the sum of the segments (p=0.01) in the experimental group. In addition, the experimental group showed significant differences in the level of mental fatigue, especially in questions related to memory Rienzo, #181ff and tiredness (p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our preliminary results demonstrate that appropriately designed and supervised exercise programs may be more efficient than rest breaks in decreasing discomfort and fatigue levels in call-center operators.

Efeitos do treinamento de resistência na força muscular e níveis de fadiga em pacientes com câncer de mama / The effects of resistance training on muscular strength and fatigue levels in breast cancer patients

Os efeitos de programas generalizados de atividade física no combate ao câncer e aos efeitos colaterais de seu tratamento têm sido amplamente relatados na literatura. O objetivo do presente estudo foi o de examinar os efeitos de um programa de prescrição de exercício físico individualizado, com ênfase no treinamento resistido, na força muscular e nos níveis de fadiga em pacientes portadoras de câncer de mama em tratamento. Vinte mulheres foram divididas aleatoriamente em dois grupos, sendo um experimental (57,5 ± 23,0 anos) e um controle (56,6 ± 16,0 anos). O grupo experimental exercitou-se, após a cirurgia, durante 60 minutos, de forma moderada, duas vezes por semana, durante 21 semanas. A força muscular total foi avaliada antes e após o tratamento e os níveis de fadiga foram avaliados em três momentos durante o treinamento. Foram encontradas diferenças significativas na força muscular total entre os grupos após o treinamento (p = 0,025). Os níveis de fadiga diminuíram significativamente entre os grupos após a primeira (p = 0,001) e a segunda (p = 0,005) intervenção e ao final do tratamento (p = 0,001). Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que os exercícios resistidos devem ser incluídos na prescrição de exercícios no combate da fadiga e na melhoria da força muscular em mulheres com câncer de mama, submetidas a tratamento.

The effects of generalized exercise programs to combat cancer and cancer treatment-related side effects have been extensively reported in the literature. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an individualized exercise program with emphasis on resistance exercise, changes in muscular strength and fatigue in breast cancer female patients under treatment. Twenty subjects were randomly divided in two groups: an experimental (57.5 ± 23.0 years) and a control (56.6 ± 16.0 years) group. A twenty-one week intervention involving pre- and post-functional assessments, prescriptive exercise, and three moments of fatigue measures was used. The experimental group exercised at a low to moderate-intensity for sixty minutes two days a week beginning after surgery. Significant differences in overall muscular strength were observed between groups post-intervention (p = 0.025). Fatigue was also significantly different between groups at treatment one (p = 0.001), treatment two (p = 0.005) and post-intervention (p = 0.001). The results of this study suggest that an emphasis on resistance training should be utilized to combat fatigue and to increase muscular strength in breast cancer patients undergoing treatment.

Los efectos de programas generalizados de actividad física de combate al cáncer y los efectos colaterales de su tratamiento vienen siendo bastante estudiados. El objetivo del presente estudio ha sido el de examinar los efectos de un programa prescrito de ejercicio físico individual, con énfasis en el entrenamiento resistido, en la fuerza muscular y en los niveles de fatiga en pacientes portadoras de cáncer de mama en tratamiento. Veinte mujeres fueron divididas aleatoriamente en dos grupos, siendo uno de ellos el experimental (57,5 ± 23,0 años) y el otro de control (56,6 ± 16,0 años). El grupo experimental se ejercitó después de una cirugía durante 60 minutos, de forma moderada, dos veces por semana, durante 21 semanas. La fuerza muscular total fue evaluada antes y después del tratamiento y los niveles de fatiga fueron evaluados en cuatro momentos durante los ejercicios. Fueron encontradas diferencias significativas en la fuerza muscular total entre los grupos después de los ejercicios (p = 0,025). Los niveles de fatiga disminuyeron significativamente entre los grupos después de la primera (p = 0,001) y la segunda (p = 0,005) intervención y al final del tratamiento (p = 0,001). Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que los ejercicios resistidos deben ser incluidos en la prescripción de ejercicios de combate a la fatiga y en la mejoría de la fuerza muscular en mujeres con cáncer de mama sometidas a tratamiento.

Effects of Walking Exercise Intensities on Fatigue, Serum Lipids and Immune Function among Middle-Aged Women / 간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to confirm the effects of a moderate and fast walking exercise program on middle-aged women's fatigue, serum lipids and immunoglobulins. METHOD: A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used for this study. The experiment was conducted for 10 weeks from May 17th to July 25th, 2004 with 44 middle-aged women, consisting of 16 for the moderate walking group, 15 for the fast walking group and 13 for the control group. RESULT: Walking exercise at both a moderate and fast speed was effective in middle-aged women in reducing fatigue and serum lipids. It was also revealed that extended periods of exercise was more effective in decreasing fatigue while for reducing serum lipid, high intensity exercise was more effective. In this study, serum immunoglobulins were reduced after moderate and fast walking exercise but its cause was not fully understood so further research is needed. CONCLUSION: This study helps us recognize the importance of regular exercise and promotes motivation to exercise for a healthy life among middle-aged women.

Effects of Walking Exercise Intensities on Fatigue, Serum Lipids and Immune Function among Middle-Aged Women / 간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to confirm the effects of a moderate and fast walking exercise program on middle-aged women's fatigue, serum lipids and immunoglobulins. METHOD: A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used for this study. The experiment was conducted for 10 weeks from May 17th to July 25th, 2004 with 44 middle-aged women, consisting of 16 for the moderate walking group, 15 for the fast walking group and 13 for the control group. RESULT: Walking exercise at both a moderate and fast speed was effective in middle-aged women in reducing fatigue and serum lipids. It was also revealed that extended periods of exercise was more effective in decreasing fatigue while for reducing serum lipid, high intensity exercise was more effective. In this study, serum immunoglobulins were reduced after moderate and fast walking exercise but its cause was not fully understood so further research is needed. CONCLUSION: This study helps us recognize the importance of regular exercise and promotes motivation to exercise for a healthy life among middle-aged women.